piezoelectric energy harvesting with a nonlinear energy sink
abstract
energy transfer from one system to another system, or vice versa, is happening constantly in many
processes with various forms. vibration in machines or structures can be considered as a form of
energy transfer from a source to a receiver. in general, such vibration is unwanted. vibration
suppression is of importance in order to protect machines or structures. to monitor vibration of a
large system such as building or bridge, a network of sensors is used. supply of power to these
sensors is challenging due to various difficulties such as accessibility or cost. energy harvesting
using ambient vibration is motivated to make sensors autonomous. vibration energy can be
converted into electric energy through electromagnetic transduction or piezoelectric effect. this
research proposes a method to achieve simultaneous vibration suppression and energy harvesting
in the broadband manner.
a nonlinear energy sink (nes) is a special vibration absorber that is capable of sinking or
localizing vibration energy from a primary system. unlike a linear or nonlinear vibration absorber,
the nes’s spring is essentially nonlinear. in this research, a variant nes is developed to achieve
vibration suppression and energy harvesting in a broad frequency band. the developed apparatus
consists of a fixed-fixed composite beam acting as the nes spring and two magnets attached at
the middle of the beam acting as the nes mass. the composite beam is formed by a thin steel
beam and two piezoelectric bimorphs attached at the ends of the steel beam. the piezoelectric
bimorphs convert the nes vibration energy into electric one. the system modeling is presented.
system identification is conducted to determine the parameter values. the transient behaviours of
the system are investigated numerically and experimentally. it has shown that the developed
apparatus demonstrates the characteristics similar to those of the nes. the harmonically forced
responses of the system are examined. the approximate analytical solutions of the steady-state
responses are derived. the matcont is used to obtain the frequency responses plots for various
cases. an experimental study has been conducted. both the numerical solutions and experimental
results show that the developed apparatus is capable of harvesting energy while suppressing
vibration in a wide frequency band.
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