coarse woody debris (cwd) is considered any woody decay that has fallen on the forest floor. this important piece of forest ecology has a large influence on a variety of forest characteristics. this thesis first evaluates cwd’s effectiveness on soil, water, plants and animals through literature review. the second section of this thesis focuses on policies produced by four countries (canada, usa, finland and iran) that regard cwd management. lastly, this study will test the ability of these policies to account for each of the biological factors cwd holds within the forest. where lacking, this study connects the gaps in order to form best practice suggestions throughout the study. this study found that there is much to be desired in policy as the countries studied fail to accurately account for all the main forest characteristics. in addition, allowing cwd to be considered at the beginning of the planning process is optimal in ensuring long-term health and protection of biodiversity.