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(92)tj et q endstream endobj 11 0 obj << /length 6248 >> stream /gs0 gs 1 g 0 648 0 0 re f q /gs1 gs 0 0 0 0 k 72 63 324 532.8 re f q /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 10 0 0 10 91 575.9617 tm 0 0 0 1 k 0.041 tw [(in this paper)111(, w)18(e ackno)19(wledge indigenous w)19(omen\325)36(s cultur)19(al and envi-)]tj -1.8 -1.20001 td -0.014 tw [(r)19(onment)19(al kno)19(wledges as conte)18(xtual, inter)19(dependent, vit)19(al, scientific)19(, liv)18(ed)]tj t* -0.004 tc -0.01 tw [(e)19(xperiences)37(. w)92(e define indigenous kno)19(wledges as the epistemic salienc)19(y of)]tj 0 -1.2 td -0.009 tc -0.005 tw [(cultur)19(al tr)18(aditions)37(, v)19(alues)36(, belief sy)19(stems)37(, and w)18(orld vie)19(w)19(s in an)19(y indigenous)]tj t* -0.013 tc -0.001 tw [(society that ar)19(e imparted t)18(o the y)19(oung gener)19(ation b)18(y community elder)19(s \(dei,)]tj 0 -1.20001 td -0.006 tc -0.008 tw [(hall, & r)19(osenber)18(g, 2000; w)93(ane)56(, 2000; gr)19(enier)110(, 1998\). such kno)19(wledge con-)]tj 0 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(1997). w)92(omen\325)37(s achie)19(v)19(ements in african political sy)18(stems: t)80(r)19(ansf)19(orming)]tj 2.11765 -1.41176 td -0.007 tc -0.007 tw [(cultur)19(e f)18(or 500 y)19(ear)19(s)37(. in)-282(i. amadiume (ed.), )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 249.8717 480.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.006 tc -0.007 tw [(r)19(einv)19(enting africa: matriar)19(c)1(h)19(y)111(,)1( )1(r)20(eligion &)]tj -18.69079 -1.41176 td 0 tc 0 tw [(cultur)19(e)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 117.5957 468.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k [(\(pp. 89-1)56(08\). ne)18(w y)80(ork: z)37(ed books)36(.)]tj -5.24655 -1.41176 td -0.001 tc -0.013 tw [(ar)19(e)19(w)19(a, c.s. (1998). )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 145.5126 456.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.001 tc -0.012 tw [(opening t)19(o spirit: cont)18(acting the healing po)19(w)19(er of the chakr)18(as and hon-)]tj -6.41325 -1.41176 td 0 tc 0 tw (ouring african spirituality)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 183.2092 444.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0002 tc (.)tj 0.55566 0 td 0 tc [(l)19(ondon: thor)18(sons publisher)19(s)37(.)]tj -13.52145 -1.41176 td -0.009 tc -0.005 tw [(batibo, h.m. \(200)56(1\). the endanger)19(ed languages of africa: a case study fr)18(om botsw)19(ana. in)]tj 2.11765 -1.41176 td -0.011 tc -0.003 tw (l. maffi (ed.), )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 141.2576 420.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.01 tc -0.003 tw (on biocultur)tj 5.04365 0.00001 td [(al div)19(er)18(sity)111(, linking language)36(, kno)19(wledge and the envir)19(onment)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 91 408.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k (\(pp. 3)tj 2.46338 0 td [(1)161(1-324\). w)93(ashingt)18(on: smithsonian institute pr)19(ess)37(.)]tj -4.58102 -1.41177 td -0.017 tc 0.003 tw [(berk)19(es)36(, f)148(., kislalioglu, m., f)56(olk)18(e)56(, c., & gadgil, m. (1998). exploring the basic ecological unit:)]tj 2.11765 -1.41176 td 0 tc 0 tw [(ecosy)19(stem-lik)18(e concepts in tr)19(aditional societies)37(. )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 267.7402 384.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k [(ecosy)19(stems)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 308.3352 384.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0003 tc (,)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 313.0583 384.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k (1)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 317.4681 384.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0001 tc (,)tj 0.55571 0 td 0 tc [(409-4)56(15.)]tj -29.31666 -1.41176 td (berry)tj 2.24048 0 td -0.0002 tc (,)tj 0.55558 0 td (t)tj 0.42611 0 td -0.0001 tc (.)tj 0.55572 0 td 0 tc ((1999). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 133.7659 372.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k (the gr)tj 2.62841 0 td (eat w)tj 2.21948 0 td (ork: our w)tj 4.44189 0 td (ay int)tj 2.34936 0 td -0.0001 tc (o)tj 0.75871 0 td 0 tc [(the futur)19(e)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 273.2999 372.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0002 tc (.)tj 0.55565 0 td 0 tc (ne)tj 1.16603 0 td -0.0003 tc (w)tj 1.03646 0 td (y)tj 0.53116 0 td 0 tc (ork: bell t)tj 4.30176 0 td (o)tj 0.51806 0 td [(w)19(er)111(. )]tj -31.67383 -1.41178 td (boff, l. (1995). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 130.3065 360.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k (cry of the earth, cry of the poor)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 241.2299 360.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0002 tc (.)tj 0.55566 0 td 0 tc [(ne)19(w y)79(ork: orbis books)37(.)]tj -20.34741 -1.41176 td -0.034 tc 0.003 tw [(br)18(aidotti, r., charkie)19(wica, e., hausler)111(, s., & wieringa, s. (1997). w)92(omen, the envir)19(onment and)]tj 2.11765 -1.41176 td -0.025 tc 0 tw (sust)tj 1.58658 0 td -0.006 tw (ainable de)tj 4.19353 0 td 0 tc (v)tj 0.4567 0 td -0.025 tc [(elopment. in n. visv)19(anathan \(co-or)19(dinat)18(or\), l. duggan, l. nisonoff, & n.)]tj -6.2368 -1.41178 td -0.027 tc -0.004 tw [(wieger)19(sma \(eds)37(.\), )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 155.6522 324.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.025 tc -0.004 tw [(the w)19(omen, gender & de)18(v)19(elopment r)19(eader)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 297.7919 324.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.027 tc -0.004 tw [(\(pp. 55-6)56(1\). ne)19(w je)-1(r)19(se)19(y: z)36(ed)]tj -24.32846 -1.41176 td -0.017 tc 0 tw [(books)37(.)]tj -2.11765 -1.41176 td -0.01 tc (cajete)tj 2.55064 0 td -0.0102 tc (,)tj 0.53181 0 td -0.01 tc -0.004 tw (g. (ed.). (1999). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 158.0168 300.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0095 tc (a)tj 0.86633 0 td -0.01 tc (people\325)tj 2.84049 0 td -0.0095 tc (s)tj 0.66241 0 td -0.01 tc -0.004 tw (ecology: explor)tj 6.18613 0 td [(ations in sust)19(ainable living)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 339.9528 300.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0102 tc (.)tj 0.53182 0 td -0.01 tc (sant)tj 1.84869 0 td -0.0102 tc (a)tj 0.75377 0 td (f)tj 0.47106 0 td -0.01 tc -0.004 tw [(e)56(, ne)19(w)]tj -32.89389 -1.41177 td 0 tc 0 tw [(me)19(xico: clear light publisher)18(s)38(.)]tj -2.11765 -1.41176 td -0.05 tc 0.013 tw [(capr)19(a, f)147(. (1996). )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 128.5684 276.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.046 tc 0.013 tw [(the w)19(eb of life: a ne)18(w scientific under)19(s)1(t)19(anding of living sy)19(stems)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 329.2059 276.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0498 tc (.)tj 0.46986 0 td -0.05 tc 0.013 tw [(ny)74(: anchor books)36(. )]tj -30.61173 -1.41176 td 0.003 tc 0 tw (cr)tj 0.96928 0 td 0.004 tc 0.135 tw [(oll, e. & p)56(arkin, d. \(eds)37(.\). \(1992\). )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 214.3199 264.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k 0.003 tc 0.126 tw (bush base: f)tj 5.47528 0 td [(or)19(est f)18(arm, cultur)19(e)37(, envir)18(onment and)]tj -19.98351 -1.41176 td 0 tc 0 tw [(de)19(v)19(elopment)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 135.0481 252.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0002 tc (.)tj 0.55565 0 td 0 tc [(ne)19(w y)79(ork: r)19(outledge)56(.)]tj -7.85543 -1.41176 td (daly)tj 1.85279 0 td -0.0001 tc (,)tj 0.55573 0 td 0 tc (m. (1978). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 133.7762 240.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k (gyn/ecology)tj 4.86695 0 td -0.0002 tc (,)tj 0.51766 0 td 0 tc (the met)tj 3.07217 0 td (aethics of r)tj 4.6084 0 td (adical feminism)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 300.8253 240.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0002 tc (.)tj 0.55561 0 td 0 tc (bost)tj 1.85162 0 td (on:)tj 1.6665 0 td (beacon pr)tj 4.36939 0 td (ess)tj 1.31469 0.00001 td (.)tj -36.56079 -1.41178 td -0.016 tc -0.004 tw (dei, g., hall, b, & r)tj 8.13354 0 td [(osenber)19(g, d. \(eds)36(.\). \(2000\). intr)19(oduction. )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 288.7409 228.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.015 tc -0.003 tw (indigenous kno)tj 6.06575 0 td (wledges in glob-)tj -29.32939 -1.41177 td -0.028 tc 0.01 tw [(al conte)19(xts: multiple r)18(eadings of our w)19(orld)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 232.654 216.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.03 tc 0.01 tw [((pp. 3-17). t)88(or)18(ont)19(o: univ)19(er)18(sity of t)88(or)19(ont)18(o pr)19(ess)37(.)]tj -18.78282 -1.41176 td -0.007 tc -0.007 tw (dei, g.j.s. (2000). african de)tj 12.12535 0 td 0 tc (v)tj 0.4739 0 td -0.007 tc (elopment: the r)tj 6.54436 0 td 0 tw (ele)tj 1.20028 0 td -0.007 tw [(v)19(ance and implication of indigenousness)37(.)]tj -18.22626 -1.41178 td 0 tc 0.052 tw [(in g. dei, b)37(. hall, & d. r)18(osenber)19(g \(eds)37(.\), )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 245.7925 192.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k 0.049 tw [(indigenous kno)19(wledges in global conte)18(xts:)]tj -18.21088 -1.41176 td 0 tw [(multiple r)19(eadings of our w)18(orld)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 200.0328 180.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k [(\(pp. 95-1)56(08\). t)88(or)18(ont)19(o: univ)18(er)19(sity of t)88(or)18(ont)19(o pr)19(ess)36(.)]tj -14.94504 -1.41176 td -0.016 tc 0.002 tw [(f)56(ortmann, l. (1997). fruits of their labor)19(s: gender)111(,)1( )1(p)1(r)19(operty rights)37(, and tr)19(ee planting in tw)19(o)]tj 2.11765 -1.41176 td 0 tc 0 tw [(zimbab)19(w)19(e villages)36(. )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 163.2479 156.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k [(r)19(ur)18(al sociology)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 218.1534 156.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0003 tc (,)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 222.8766 156.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k (62)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 231.6962 156.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k [((3), 295-3)56(14.)]tj -18.67014 -1.41176 td -0.022 tc 0.008 tw [(f)56(ortmann, l. (1996). w)92(omen in subsistence f)19(or)19(estry)110(, cultur)19(al m)19(yths f)18(orm a stumbling block.)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 91 132.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k [(international f)37(or)18(estry)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 168.2367 132.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0001 tc (,)tj 0.5557 0 td 0 tc (39-43.)tj -11.76002 -1.41176 td 0.108 tw [(gr)19(enier)110(, l (1998). )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 141.8694 120.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k 0.101 tw [(w)38(orking with indigenous kno)19(wledge: a guide f)18(or r)19(esear)18(cher)19(s)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 360.8723 120.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0001 tc (.)tj 0.66408 0 td 0 tc [(ott)19(a)18(w)19(a:)]tj -32.4138 -1.4118 td [(international de)19(v)19(elopment r)18(esear)19(ch centr)19(e)56(.)]tj -2.1176 -1.4118 td (griffin, s. (1978). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 138.6405 96.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k [(w)38(omen and natur)19(e:)-260(the r)19(oaring insider her)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 291.2234 96.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0002 tc (.)tj 0.55565 0 td 0 tc [(ne)19(w y)79(ork:)-278(harper &)-278(r)19(o)19(w)111(.)]tj -26.229 -1.4118 td -0.007 tc (har)tj 1.5352 0 td -0.007 tw (ding, s. (1998). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 143.4755 84.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.006 tc -0.007 tw (is science multicultur)tj 8.64374 0.00001 td (al?: p)tj 2.17559 0.00001 td [(ost)19(colonialism, feminism, and epistemologies)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 392.6407 84.6705 tm 0 0 0 1 k (.)tj -35.4871 -1.4118 td [(indianapolis: indiana univ)19(er)18(sity pr)19(ess)37(.)]tj et q endstream endobj 16 0 obj << /length 13254 >> stream /gs0 gs 1 g 0 648 0 0 re f q /gs1 gs 0 0 0 0 k 36 63 324 532.8 re f q /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 37 588.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.003 tc 0.006 tw [(ho, r.p)148(.k. (1998). p)56(er)18(ception of envir)19(onment)19(al education amongst primary and second)-1(-)]tj 2.11765 -1.41176 td -0.016 tc -0.001 tw [(ary teacher)19(s in nair)18(obi, k)37(en)19(y)18(a. )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 166.2058 576.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.015 tc -0.001 tw [(envir)19(onment)18(al education and inf)19(ormation)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 309.6934 576.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.016 tc (,)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 314.1417 576.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.015 tc (17)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 322.7128 576.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.016 tc -0.001 tw [((1), 7)56(1-90. )]tj -33.61327 -1.41176 td -0.0087 tc (j)tj 0.28734 -0.00001 td -0.009 tc -0.005 tw [(ames)37(, j. (1993). african philosoph)18(y)111(, theory)111(, and \322living think)19(er)18(s)37(.\323 in j. james & r. f)56(armer)]tj 1.83031 -1.41176 td -0.003 tc 0 tw [(\(eds)37(.\), )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 79.7604 552.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.002 tc -0.011 tw [(spirit, space and surviv)19(al: african american w)18(omen in (white) academe)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 331.2176 552.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.003 tc -0.011 tw [(\(pp. 3)56(1-)]tj -32.49619 -1.41176 td 0 tc 0 tw [(46\). ne)19(w y)79(ork: r)19(outledge)56(.)]tj -2.11765 -1.41176 td -0.02 tc 0.006 tw [(k)37(en)19(y)19(att)19(a, j. (1965). )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 106.2787 528.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.019 tc 0.006 tw [(f)37(acing mount k)37(en)18(y)19(a: the tr)18(aditional life the gik)19(uyu)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 279.5242 528.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0204 tc (.)tj 0.52156 0 td -0.02 tc 0.006 tw [(l)19(ondon: heinemann.)]tj -29.05382 -1.41176 td -0.031 tc 0.009 tw [(l)19(each, m. (1992). w)92(omen\325)37(s cr)19(ops in w)18(omen\325)37(s spaces)37(. in e. cr)19(oll & d. p)56(arkin \(eds)36(.\), )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 323.5359 516.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.029 tc 0.008 tw (bush base:)tj -31.59246 -1.41176 td -0.008 tc 0 tw [(f)37(or)19(est f)18(arm, cultur)19(e)37(, envir)18(onment and de)19(v)19(elopment)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 233.3816 504.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.008 tc [((pp. 76-95). ne)19(w)1( )1(y)80(o)1(r)1(k)1(:)1( )1(r)20(outledge)56(.)]tj -23.10372 -1.41176 td -0.0001 tc (maag,)tj 2.88862 0 td 0 tc 0.018 tw [(b)37(. (1997). f)56(or)18(ests and tr)19(ees in the w)18(orld of tw)19(o t)148(amang villages in centr)19(al nepal:)]tj -0.77098 -1.41176 td 0.089 tw [(observ)19(ations with special r)18(efer)19(ence t)19(o the r)19(ole of t)147(amang w)19(omen in f)19(or)18(est man-)]tj t* -0.015 tc 0.001 tw (agement. in k. seeland (ed.), )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 160.9237 468.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.014 tc 0.001 tw [(natur)19(e is cultur)18(e)37(, indigenous kno)19(wledge and socio-cultur)19(al)]tj -12.46161 -1.41176 td 0.021 tc 0.213 tw [(aspects of tr)19(ees and f)18(or)19(ests in non-eur)19(opean cultur)19(e)1(s)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 267.8051 456.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k 0.022 tc 0.229 tw [(\(pp. 1)161(13-129\). l)18(ondon:)]tj -25.0359 -1.41176 td 0 tc 0 tw [(intermediate t)88(echnology publications)37(.)]tj -2.11765 -1.41176 td 0.069 tw [(maffi, l. \(ed.\). \(200)56(1\). )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 121.6746 432.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k 0.064 tw [(on biocultur)19(al div)18(er)19(sity)111(, linking l)-1(anguag)1(e)36(, kno)19(wledge and the envi-)]tj -7.84407 -1.41176 td 0 tw [(r)19(onment)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 84.7375 420.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0002 tc (.)tj 0.55551 0 td 0 tc [(w)93(ashingt)18(on: smithsonian institution pr)19(ess)37(.)]tj -6.17168 -1.41176 td -0.021 tc 0.007 tw [(mcduff, m. (1998).thirty y)19(ear)18(s of envir)19(onment)19(al education in africa: the r)18(ole of the wildlife)]tj 2.11765 -1.41177 td 0 tc 0 tw [(clubs of k)37(en)19(y)19(a. )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 113.2404 396.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k [(envir)19(onment)18(al education r)19(esear)19(ch)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 236.1106 396.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0003 tc (,)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 240.8337 396.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k (6)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 245.2435 396.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k ((4), 383-396.)tj -24.49924 -1.41176 td [(mer)19(chant, c. (1995). )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 114.9194 384.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k [(earthcar)19(e: w)37(omen and the envir)19(onment)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 255.074 384.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0002 tc (.)tj 0.55565 0 td 0 tc [(ne)19(w y)79(ork. r)19(outledge)56(.)]tj -26.21142 -1.41176 td -0.006 tc 0.002 tw (nathani, n. (1996). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 108.8169 372.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.005 tc (sust)tj 1.73879 0 td 0.001 tw [(ainable de)19(v)19(elopment: indigenous f)18(orms of f)19(ood pr)19(ocessing technolo)-1(-)]tj -8.07019 -1.41176 td 0 tw [(gies)37(. a k)36(en)19(y)19(an case study)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 144.022 360.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0057 tc (.)tj 0.54467 0 td -0.006 tc [(unpublished doct)19(or)18(al dissert)19(ation: univ)19(er)18(sity of t)88(or)19(ont)18(o.)]tj -13.1355 -1.41176 td 0 tc (njir)tj 1.53565 0 td 0.026 tw (o, e.i. (1999). w)tj 7.09492 0 td 0 tw (omen\325)tj 2.74073 0 td -0.0001 tc (s)tj 0.72935 0 td 0 tc 0.026 tw [(empo)19(w)19(erment and the anthr)18(opology of participat)19(ory de)19(v)19(el-)]tj -9.98299 -1.41178 td -0.01 tc -0.004 tw [(opment. in v)111(.u. james & j.s. etim \(eds)37(.\), )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 202.9692 336.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.01 tc -0.003 tw [(the feminiz)19(ation of de)18(v)19(elopment pr)18(ocesses in)]tj -17.40814 -1.41176 td 0 tc 0 tw (africa)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 78.9187 324.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k (\(pp. 3)tj 2.46338 0 td (1-50\). w)tj 3.6482 0 td (estport, connecticut: pr)tj 10.20166 0.00001 td (aeger)tj 2.25904 0 td (.)tj -23.50389 -1.41178 td (r)tj 0.60249 0 td -0.009 tc -0.005 tw (asmussen, s.j. (1998). only w)tj 12.67416 0 td [(omen kno)19(w tr)18(ees: medicine w)19(omen and the r)19(ole of herbal)]tj -11.15901 -1.41177 td 0 tc 0 tw [(healing in t)88(uar)18(eg cultur)19(e)56(. )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 149.3093 300.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k [(journal of anthr)19(opological r)18(esear)19(ch)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 276.11 300.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0003 tc (,)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 280.8331 300.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k (54)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 289.6527 300.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k [((2), 147-17)56(1.)]tj -29.72385 -1.41176 td (r)tj 0.59006 0 td -0.021 tc 0.007 tw (edfield, j. (1997). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 104.1151 288.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.02 tc 0.007 tw (the celestine vision: living the ne)tj 13.26553 0 td -0.0198 tc (w)tj 0.94809 0 td -0.02 tc (spiritual aw)tj 4.71252 0 td 0 tw (ar)tj 0.82966 0.00001 td (eness)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 290.5528 288.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0212 tc (.)tj 0.52074 0 td -0.021 tc (ne)tj 1.12399 0 td -0.0213 tc (w)tj 1.00154 0 td (y)tj 0.51015 0 td -0.021 tc 0.007 tw (ork: a time)tj -30.86852 -1.41177 td 0 tc (w)tj 0.85107 0 td 0 tw [(arner compan)19(y)111(.)]tj -2.96872 -1.41177 td -0.044 tc 0.008 tw (salleh, a. (1997). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 95.311 264.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.041 tc 0.007 tw (ecofeminism as politics)tj 8.83026 0 td (,)tj 0.44307 0 td 0 tw (natur)tj 2.03519 0.00001 td 0 tc (e)tj 0.36613 0 td -0.041 tc (,)tj 0.44317 0 td 0.007 tw (marx and the postmodern)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 281.7635 264.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0439 tc (.)tj 0.47575 0 td -0.044 tc (ne)tj 1.07846 0 td (w)tj 0.95655 0 td (y)tj 0.4874 0 td 0.008 tw (ork: z)tj 2.24523 0 td (ed books)tj 3.56539 0 td 0 tc (.)tj -37.60448 -1.41178 td 0 tw (shiv)tj 1.81469 0 td 0.021 tw (a, v)tj 1.57717 0 td -0.0001 tc (.)tj 0.57722 0 td 0 tc 0 tw ((1997). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 99.5736 252.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k (biopir)tj 2.51855 0 td 0.02 tw (acy: the plunder of natur)tj 10.51856 0 td -0.0001 tc (e)tj 0.72275 0 td 0 tc (and kno)tj 3.31338 0 td 0 tw (wledge)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 268.9158 252.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0002 tc (.)tj 0.5771 0 td 0 tc (bost)tj 1.85163 0 td 0.021 tw (on, massachusetts:)tj -27.5953 -1.41177 td 0 tw (south end pr)tj 5.64795 0 td [(ess)37(.)]tj -7.7656 -1.41177 td -0.017 tc (shiv)tj 1.74568 0 td 0.003 tw (a, v)tj 1.49001 0.00001 td -0.0174 tc (.)tj 0.52459 0 td -0.017 tc ((1993). w)tj 4.07017 0 td 0 tw (omen\325)tj 2.65446 0 td -0.0174 tc (s)tj 0.67261 0 td -0.017 tc 0.003 tw (indigenous kno)tj 6.37129 0 td (wledge and biodiv)tj 7.60208 0 td 0 tw (er)tj 0.81657 0.00001 td 0.003 tw (sity conserv)tj 4.94305 0 td (ation. in m. mies)tj -28.77288 -1.41179 td -0.0002 tc (&)tj 0.9996 0 td (v)tj 0.50015 0 td (.)tj 0.55567 0 td 0 tc 0 tw (shiv)tj 1.8147 0 td -0.0001 tc (a)tj 0.77775 0 td 0 tc (\(eds)tj 1.81477 0 td (.\), )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 119.5323 216.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k (ecofeminism)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 167.3739 216.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k ((pp. 164-173). halif)tj 8.42798 0 td (ax, n.s.: f)tj 4.38843 0 td (ern)tj 1.42505 0 td (w)tj 0.73998 0 td (ood.)tj -30.31955 -1.41178 td [(shiv)19(a, v)110(. (1988). )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 99.0255 204.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k [(st)19(aying aliv)18(e)37(, w)19(omen, ecology and de)18(v)19(elopment)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 265.423 204.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0002 tc (.)tj 0.55566 0 td 0 tc [(l)19(ondon: z)36(ed books)37(.)]tj -27.42896 -1.41176 td -0.022 tc 0.008 tw (silliman, j. k. &)tj 6.72694 0 td (king, y)tj 2.87416 0 td -0.0217 tc (.)tj 0.52025 0 td -0.022 tc 0 tw (\(eds)tj 1.72849 0 td 0.008 tw (.\). \(1999\). )tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 173.9103 192.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.02 tc (danger)tj 2.87692 0 td 0.007 tw (ous inter)tj 3.47317 0 td (sections: f)tj 4.15439 0 td (eminist per)tj 4.45054 0 td 0 tw (spectiv)tj 2.71032 0 td 0.007 tw (es on pop)tj 3.79503 0 td 0 tc (-)tj -35.44983 -1.41179 td 0 tw (ulation, envir)tj 5.51514 0 td (onment and de)tj 6.10668 0 td (v)tj 0.44409 0 td (elopment)tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 189.9707 180.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0001 tc (.)tj 0.55577 0 td 0 tc (cambridge: south end pr)tj 10.94373 0 td (ess)tj 1.31471 0 td (.)tj -30.81077 -1.41177 td -0.017 tc 0.009 tw [(smith, l. t)130(. (1999).)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 106.4364 168.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.016 tc 0.008 tw [(decolonising methodologies: r)19(esear)18(ch and indigenous peoples)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 317.8257 168.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.0168 tc (.)tj 0.53138 0 td -0.017 tc 0.009 tw [(ne)19(w y)79(ork:)]tj -31.45206 -1.41176 td 0 tc (z)tj 0.50236 0 td -0.017 tc 0 tw [(ed books)37(.)]tj -2.62001 -1.41177 td 0 tc (w)tj 0.81398 0.00001 td -0.037 tc 0.012 tw [(ane)56(, n. (2002). african w)18(omen and spirituality: connections betw)19(een thought and education.)]tj 1.30367 -1.41177 td -0.016 tc -0.01 tw [(in e.v)111(. o\325sulliv)18(an, a. morr)19(ell, & m. o\325connor \(eds)37(.\), )]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 239.2019 132.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.015 tc -0.009 tw [(expanding the boundaries of tr)19(ans)-1(-)]tj -21.67081 -1.41176 td -0.011 tc 0 tw [(f)18(o)-1(r)-1(m)-1(a)-1(t)-1(i)-1(v)18(e learning: essay)19(s on theory and pr)18(axis)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 221.5863 120.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k -0.011 tc [((pp. 135-150). ne)19(w y)79(ork: p)56(algr)19(a)19(v)19(e)56(.)]tj -21.716 -1.4118 td -0.005 tc -0.009 tw [(w)93(ane)56(, n. (2000). indigenous kno)18(wledge: l)19(esson fr)19(om the elder)18(s: a k)37(en)19(y)19(an case study)110(. in)]tj 2.1176 -1.4118 td 0.0031 tc (g.)tj 1.3309 0 td 0.003 tc 0.136 tw [(dei, b)37(. hall, & d. r)18(osenber)19(g \(eds)37(.\),)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f10 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 206.1234 96.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k 0.003 tc 0.126 tw [(indigenous kno)19(wledges in global conte)18(xts:)]tj -17.7792 -1.4118 td 0 tc 0 tw [(multiple r)19(eadings of our w)18(orld)]tj et q /gs2 gs /gs1 gs q bt /f3 1 tf 8.5 0 0 8.5 164.0328 84.9874 tm 0 0 0 1 k [((pp. 38-53). t)88(or)18(ont)19(o: univ)19(er)18(sity of t)88(or)19(ont)18(o pr)19(ess)37(.)]tj -14.945 -1.4118 td [(w)93(arr)19(en, k. j. (ed.). 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